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Net Present Value (NPV) is a key financial metric used in evaluating investment opportunities. It measures the difference between the present value of cash inflows and outflows over a specific time period. By discounting future cash flows to their present value, NPV helps investors determine the profitability of a potential investment. Calculating NPV involves estimating the initial cost of an investment, forecasting future cash flows, and applying a discount rate that reflects the time value of money. A positive NPV indicates that the investment is expected to generate more cash inflows than outflows, making it a financially viable option. Conversely, a negative NPV suggests that the investment is not expected to generate sufficient returns to justify the initial cost. Understanding NPV is crucial for making informed investment decisions. By considering the time value of money and assessing the profitability of potential investments, investors can make sound financial choices and maximize their returns.